Nano-coatings are ultra-thin layers of material applied to surfaces at the nanoscale, typically measuring between 1 to 100 nanometers. These coatings enhance the properties of various materials, providing benefits such as water resistance, anti-fogging, and scratch resistance. They are commonly used in industries like electronics, automotive, and textiles to improve durability and performance. The technology behind nano-coatings often involves advanced techniques like chemical vapor deposition or sol-gel processes. By manipulating materials at the molecular level, nano-coatings can create surfaces that repel dirt and bacteria, making them ideal for applications in healthcare and food packaging, where hygiene is crucial.