Multivariate analysis is a statistical technique used to understand relationships between multiple variables simultaneously. It helps researchers identify patterns and correlations in complex data sets, allowing for a more comprehensive analysis than examining each variable in isolation. Common methods include multiple regression, factor analysis, and cluster analysis. This approach is widely used in various fields, such as social sciences, marketing, and healthcare, to make informed decisions based on data. By analyzing multiple factors at once, multivariate analysis can reveal insights that might be overlooked when considering variables individually, enhancing the understanding of underlying trends and influences.