Mountain associations refer to the various plant and animal communities that thrive in mountainous regions. These associations are influenced by factors such as altitude, climate, and soil type, leading to distinct ecosystems. For example, as elevation increases, the types of vegetation change, often transitioning from forests at lower altitudes to alpine meadows and tundra at higher elevations. These ecosystems are crucial for biodiversity, providing habitats for species like mountain goats and golden eagles. Additionally, mountain associations play a significant role in water regulation and soil conservation, making them vital for environmental health and human activities in surrounding areas.