A mortarboard is a flat, square academic cap traditionally worn during graduation ceremonies. It features a stiff, square top and a tassel that hangs from the center. Mortarboards are typically made of black fabric, symbolizing formality and academic achievement. They are often associated with the cap and gown attire worn by graduates. The mortarboard's design dates back to the 15th century and is believed to have originated from the hats worn by scholars and clergy. The tassel is usually moved from one side to the other during the graduation ceremony, marking the transition from student to graduate.