The middle cervical ganglion is a small cluster of nerve cells located in the neck region, specifically near the cervical vertebrae. It is part of the sympathetic nervous system, which helps regulate involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate and blood pressure. This ganglion plays a role in transmitting signals to various organs and tissues in the upper body. Typically, the middle cervical ganglion is situated between the superior cervical ganglion and the inferior cervical ganglion. It primarily innervates structures in the neck and upper thorax, including the thyroid gland and blood vessels. Its function is essential for maintaining proper physiological responses in these areas.