Medieval Polish society was structured in a feudal system, where land was owned by nobles, known as szlachta. They held significant power and influence, often serving as local rulers. The majority of the population were peasants, who worked the land and provided food for the nobility. Towns began to develop, fostering trade and a growing merchant class. Religion played a crucial role in daily life, with the Catholic Church being a central institution. It influenced education, culture, and governance. The King was the highest authority, supported by a council of nobles, which helped shape the political landscape of medieval Poland.