Medical isotopes are radioactive forms of elements used in various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in medicine. They emit radiation that can be detected by imaging devices, helping doctors visualize organs and tissues. Commonly used isotopes include Technetium-99m for imaging and Iodine-131 for treating thyroid conditions. These isotopes are produced in nuclear reactors or particle accelerators and have specific half-lives, which determine how long they remain active in the body. Their targeted use allows for effective treatment with minimal side effects, making them essential tools in modern healthcare for both diagnosis and treatment of diseases.