The term "mediana" refers to the median, a statistical measure that represents the middle value in a data set when the numbers are arranged in order. If there is an odd number of values, the median is the middle one. If there is an even number, it is the average of the two middle values. The median is useful because it provides a better representation of a typical value in a data set, especially when there are outliers. In various fields, such as statistics and data analysis, the median is often preferred over the mean because it is less affected by extreme values. For example, in a set of incomes where most people earn a moderate amount but a few earn significantly more, the median income gives a clearer picture of what a typical person earns compared to the mean, which could be skewed by the high earners.