Mechanical ventilation is a medical technique used to help patients breathe when they are unable to do so on their own. This can happen due to various conditions, such as severe lung disease or during surgery. A machine, often called a ventilator, delivers air into the lungs through a tube inserted into the patient's airway, ensuring that they receive enough oxygen. The process can be controlled by healthcare professionals, who adjust the settings based on the patient's needs. Mechanical ventilation can be life-saving, providing support until the patient recovers or until other treatments can take effect. It is commonly used in intensive care units and emergency situations.