Matrix inversion is a mathematical process used to find the inverse of a square matrix. If a matrix A has an inverse, denoted as A⁻¹, it means that when A is multiplied by A⁻¹, the result is the identity matrix I. The identity matrix acts like the number 1 in regular multiplication, meaning it does not change other matrices when multiplied. Not all matrices have inverses; a matrix must be square and have a non-zero determinant to be invertible. The process of finding the inverse can be done using various methods, such as the Gauss-Jordan elimination or the adjugate method. In practical applications, matrix inversion is essential in solving systems of linear equations and in various fields like computer graphics and data science.