Mathematical notation is a system of symbols and signs used to represent numbers, operations, and relationships in mathematics. It allows mathematicians and students to communicate complex ideas clearly and concisely. Common symbols include + for addition, − for subtraction, and = for equality. This notation also includes variables, such as x and y, which represent unknown values. Additionally, mathematical notation encompasses various branches, including algebra, geometry, and calculus, each with its own specific symbols and conventions. By using this standardized language, mathematicians can share their work and findings effectively across different cultures and languages.