Market regulation refers to the rules and laws that governments or regulatory bodies establish to oversee and control economic activities within a market. These regulations aim to promote fair competition, protect consumers, and ensure that businesses operate ethically. By setting standards, authorities can prevent monopolies and reduce the risk of fraud or exploitation. Regulatory agencies, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in the United States, monitor financial markets to maintain transparency and stability. Market regulation can also involve environmental protections, labor laws, and safety standards, ensuring that companies adhere to practices that benefit society as a whole.