Maquiladoras are manufacturing plants located in Mexico, typically near the U.S. border. They assemble products for export, often using materials imported from other countries. These factories benefit from lower labor costs and favorable trade agreements, allowing companies to produce goods more economically. The maquiladora industry began in the 1960s and has grown significantly since then. It plays a crucial role in the Mexican economy by providing jobs and attracting foreign investment. However, it has also faced criticism for labor conditions and environmental impacts, prompting discussions about sustainable practices in manufacturing.