A machine learning model is a mathematical framework that enables computers to learn from data and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. It uses algorithms to identify patterns in data, allowing it to improve its performance over time as it processes more information. These models can be applied in various fields, such as healthcare, finance, and marketing, to analyze trends, forecast outcomes, or automate tasks. Common types of machine learning models include supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning, each serving different purposes based on the nature of the data and the desired outcome.