The lung is a vital organ in the respiratory system responsible for gas exchange. Humans typically have two lungs, located in the chest cavity, which help take in oxygen from the air and expel carbon dioxide. Each lung is divided into lobes, with the right lung having three lobes and the left lung having two, allowing for efficient airflow and gas exchange. Lungs are made up of millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli, where the actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs. The process of breathing, or respiration, involves inhaling air into the lungs and exhaling waste gases, which is essential for maintaining life and supporting bodily functions.