Luciferase is an enzyme that produces light through a chemical reaction, a process known as bioluminescence. This enzyme is found in various organisms, including fireflies and certain types of bacteria. When luciferase interacts with its substrate, luciferin, in the presence of oxygen, it catalyzes a reaction that emits light, often seen as a glow. Researchers utilize luciferase in scientific applications, such as in bioluminescent imaging to track biological processes in living organisms. This technology helps scientists study gene expression, monitor disease progression, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments in real-time.