Lubrication is the process of applying a substance, often called a lubricant, to reduce friction between surfaces in contact. This helps to minimize wear and tear on machinery, improve efficiency, and prevent overheating. Common lubricants include oils, greases, and even water, depending on the application and environment. In various industries, such as automotive and manufacturing, proper lubrication is essential for the smooth operation of equipment like engines and bearings. Regular maintenance and monitoring of lubrication levels can extend the lifespan of machinery and enhance performance, making it a critical aspect of mechanical engineering.