Long guns are firearms designed to be fired from the shoulder, typically featuring a longer barrel than handguns. They include two main categories: rifles and shotguns. Rifles are designed for precision shooting, while shotguns are used for firing multiple pellets, making them effective for hunting birds and small game. These firearms are commonly used for various purposes, including hunting, sport shooting, and law enforcement. Long guns can vary in size, weight, and caliber, allowing users to choose models that best suit their needs. Proper training and safety measures are essential when handling any type of firearm.