Load testing is a type of performance testing that evaluates how a system behaves under a specific expected load. It helps identify the maximum capacity of the system and ensures it can handle the anticipated number of users or transactions without performance degradation. This process is crucial for applications, websites, and services to ensure they remain responsive and functional during peak usage times. During load testing, various metrics such as response time, throughput, and resource utilization are monitored. By simulating multiple users or transactions, developers can pinpoint bottlenecks and optimize the system before it goes live. This proactive approach helps prevent potential failures and enhances user experience.