Lexicography is the art and science of compiling, writing, and editing dictionaries. It involves researching and documenting the meanings, pronunciations, and uses of words in a specific language. Lexicographers, the professionals who engage in this work, analyze language trends and usage to ensure that dictionaries reflect current language practices. There are two main types of lexicography: descriptive and prescriptive. Descriptive lexicography focuses on documenting how language is actually used, while prescriptive lexicography aims to establish rules for correct language use. Both approaches contribute to the development of resources like Oxford English Dictionary and Merriam-Webster.