Isotretinoin is a powerful medication primarily used to treat severe acne that hasn't responded to other treatments. It is a form of vitamin A that works by reducing the amount of oil produced by the skin's sebaceous glands, helping to prevent clogged pores and reduce inflammation. Patients taking isotretinoin must be closely monitored due to potential side effects, which can include dry skin, chapped lips, and more serious risks like birth defects if taken during pregnancy. Regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider are essential to ensure safe use and to manage any adverse effects.