Iron (Fe²⁺) is a divalent cation, meaning it has a +2 charge. It is an essential element found in many biological systems, playing a crucial role in processes like oxygen transport in blood through hemoglobin. Iron is abundant in the Earth's crust and is commonly found in minerals such as hematite and magnetite. In its ionic form, Fe²⁺ is soluble in water and can easily react with other compounds. It is important in various industrial applications, including the production of steel and as a catalyst in chemical reactions. Additionally, Fe²⁺ is vital for the growth of plants and microorganisms.