Ionization smoke detectors are devices that detect smoke and fire by using a small amount of radioactive material. This material ionizes the air in a sensing chamber, allowing a small electric current to flow. When smoke enters the chamber, it disrupts this current, triggering the alarm. These detectors are particularly sensitive to fast-burning fires, such as those caused by paper or flammable liquids. They are commonly used in homes and buildings due to their effectiveness and relatively low cost. Regular maintenance, including testing and battery replacement, is essential for optimal performance.