Intervertebral discs are soft, cushion-like structures located between the vertebrae in the spine. They act as shock absorbers, helping to reduce the impact on the bones during movement. Each disc consists of a tough outer layer called the annulus fibrosus and a gel-like center known as the nucleus pulposus. These discs allow for flexibility and movement in the spine, enabling bending and twisting motions. They also help maintain proper alignment and spacing between the vertebrae, which is essential for overall spinal health and function. Over time, discs can degenerate, leading to conditions like herniated discs.