The inferior alveolar nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve, which is part of the trigeminal nerve system. It primarily provides sensory innervation to the lower teeth, gums, and part of the lower lip. This nerve travels through the mandibular canal in the jawbone, making it crucial for dental procedures. In dental practice, the inferior alveolar nerve is often targeted during local anesthesia to numb the lower jaw for procedures like tooth extractions or fillings. Understanding its location and function helps dentists manage pain effectively and ensure patient comfort during treatments.