Hydroboration is a chemical reaction that involves the addition of borane (BH3) to alkenes or alkynes. This process typically occurs in a two-step mechanism, where boron adds to the less substituted carbon atom of the double or triple bond, resulting in a trialkylborane intermediate. In the second step, the trialkylborane can be oxidized using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence of a base, converting the boron compound into an alcohol. This reaction is significant in organic chemistry for synthesizing alcohols with specific stereochemistry and regioselectivity.