Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is a manufacturing process that applies high temperature and pressure uniformly to materials, typically metals or ceramics. This technique helps eliminate internal voids and defects, resulting in improved density and mechanical properties. During HIP, the material is placed in a sealed container and heated to a specific temperature while being subjected to isostatic pressure, usually using an inert gas like argon. This process enhances the material's strength, toughness, and overall performance, making it suitable for various applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive.