A hernia occurs when an internal organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. Hernia repair is a surgical procedure aimed at fixing this defect, often involving the repositioning of the protruding tissue and reinforcing the area with stitches or a mesh. The procedure can be performed using traditional open surgery or minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopic surgery. Recovery times vary, but most patients can return to normal activities within a few weeks, depending on the type of hernia and the surgical method used.