Heretics are individuals who hold beliefs or opinions that deviate from the established doctrines of a particular religion or ideology. Historically, this term has often been associated with those who challenge the teachings of major religions, such as Christianity or Islam. Heretics may face social ostracism, persecution, or even punishment for their views, especially in societies with strict religious norms. The concept of heresy is not limited to religion; it can also apply to any belief system, including political or philosophical ideologies. In many cases, heretics have played a crucial role in promoting change and encouraging critical thinking, leading to the evolution of ideas and practices within their respective fields.