Heart valve problems occur when one or more of the four valves in the heart do not function properly. These valves, which include the aortic valve, mitral valve, pulmonary valve, and tricuspid valve, help regulate blood flow through the heart and to the rest of the body. When a valve is damaged or diseased, it can lead to conditions such as stenosis (narrowing of the valve) or regurgitation (leakage of blood backward). Symptoms of heart valve problems can vary but may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and irregular heartbeats. Diagnosis typically involves physical exams, echocardiograms, or other imaging tests. Treatment options may range from medication to surgical procedures, depending on the severity of the condition.