Gold open-access refers to a publishing model where research articles are made freely available to the public immediately upon publication. This means that anyone can read, download, and share the work without any subscription fees or paywalls. Typically, authors or their institutions pay an article processing charge (APC) to cover the costs of publication. In this model, journals that adopt gold open-access policies often ensure that their content is accessible to a wider audience, promoting greater visibility and impact for researchers. This approach contrasts with traditional subscription-based models, where access is restricted to paying subscribers or institutions.