Glomeruli are tiny structures in the kidneys that play a crucial role in filtering blood. Each kidney contains about a million glomeruli, which are part of the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. They consist of a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries, where the filtration of blood occurs, allowing waste products and excess substances to be removed. The glomerular filtration process is essential for maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance. When blood flows through the glomeruli, water, salts, and small molecules pass into the Bowman's capsule, while larger molecules like proteins and blood cells remain in the bloodstream. This filtration is the first step in urine formation.