Glass manufacturing is the process of creating glass products from raw materials, primarily silica sand, soda ash, and limestone. These materials are mixed and heated in a furnace at high temperatures, typically around 1,700 degrees Celsius. The molten glass is then shaped into various forms, such as bottles, windows, or glassware, using techniques like blowing, molding, or casting. Once shaped, the glass is cooled in a controlled manner to prevent cracking, a process known as annealing. After cooling, the glass can be further processed through cutting, polishing, or decorating. The final products are used in a wide range of applications, from construction to consumer goods.