Giant cell arteritis is an inflammatory condition that primarily affects the large and medium-sized arteries, particularly those in the head and neck. It often occurs in older adults, typically over the age of 50, and can lead to serious complications if not treated promptly. Symptoms may include headaches, scalp tenderness, jaw pain, and vision problems. The exact cause of giant cell arteritis is unknown, but it is believed to involve an autoimmune response. Diagnosis usually involves blood tests to check for inflammation and imaging studies. Treatment typically includes high doses of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and prevent complications, such as vision loss.