Geothermal heat pumps are systems that use the stable temperature of the ground to heat and cool buildings. They work by transferring heat from the ground into a building during winter and moving heat from the building back into the ground during summer. This process is efficient because the ground maintains a relatively constant temperature throughout the year. These systems consist of a loop of pipes buried underground, a heat pump unit, and a distribution system for the heated or cooled air. Geothermal heat pumps are environmentally friendly and can significantly reduce energy costs compared to traditional heating and cooling methods.