In physics, particularly in the field of particle physics, a gauge group is a mathematical structure that describes the symmetries of a physical system. These symmetries dictate how certain properties of particles, such as their interactions and transformations, behave under various conditions. Gauge groups are essential in formulating theories like the Standard Model, which explains how fundamental particles interact through forces. Gauge groups are represented by mathematical entities called Lie groups, which consist of continuous transformations. Each gauge group corresponds to a specific type of force, such as the electromagnetic force or the weak nuclear force. Understanding gauge groups helps physicists predict particle behavior and the outcomes of high-energy experiments, such as those conducted at the Large Hadron Collider.