Functional MRI, or fMRI, is a type of brain imaging technique that measures and maps brain activity. It works by detecting changes in blood flow, which indicates areas of the brain that are more active during specific tasks or when at rest. This allows researchers to see how different parts of the brain communicate and function together. Unlike traditional MRI, which provides static images of brain structures, fMRI captures dynamic changes in brain activity over time. This makes it a valuable tool for studying brain functions related to cognition, emotion, and various neurological conditions, helping scientists and doctors understand how the brain works.