foramina
Foramina are small openings or holes in bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to pass through. They are essential for connecting different parts of the body, ensuring that vital structures can communicate and function properly. Foramina can be found in various bones, including the skull and spine, and their size and shape can vary depending on their location.
In the human body, the vertebral foramina in the spine are particularly important as they house the spinal cord, protecting it while allowing it to connect with the rest of the nervous system. Other examples include the mental foramen in the jaw, which allows nerves to reach the lower lip and chin.