Footings are the structural elements that support a building's foundation. They are typically made of concrete and are placed below ground level to distribute the weight of the structure evenly. This helps prevent settling or shifting, which can lead to structural damage over time. Properly designed footings are crucial for maintaining the stability of a building. They are often wider than the walls they support, allowing for better weight distribution. Factors such as soil type and climate conditions are considered when determining the size and depth of the footings, ensuring they can adequately support the entire structure.