Flow rates measure the volume of fluid that passes a specific point in a given amount of time. It is commonly expressed in units like liters per second (L/s) or gallons per minute (GPM). Understanding flow rates is essential in various fields, including engineering, environmental science, and plumbing, as it helps determine how efficiently fluids move through systems. Factors affecting flow rates include the fluid's viscosity, the diameter of pipes, and the pressure driving the flow. For example, in a water supply system, a higher flow rate ensures that more water reaches homes and businesses quickly. Accurate flow rate measurements are crucial for designing effective systems and ensuring safety.