Flanges are flat pieces of material, often made of metal, that are used to connect two components in piping systems or machinery. They typically have holes around their edges for bolts, allowing them to be securely fastened to other flanges or surfaces. This connection helps to create a tight seal, preventing leaks and ensuring the safe transport of fluids or gases. Flanges come in various types and sizes, depending on their specific application. Common types include weld neck flanges, slip-on flanges, and blind flanges. Each type serves a different purpose, making flanges essential components in industries such as construction, oil and gas, and manufacturing.