A fixed pulley is a simple machine that consists of a wheel on an axle, with a rope or cable that runs over the wheel. It is called "fixed" because it is attached to a stable structure, such as a beam or a wall, and does not move when the load is lifted. The primary function of a fixed pulley is to change the direction of the force applied, making it easier to lift heavy objects. When using a fixed pulley, the user pulls down on one end of the rope, which lifts the load on the other end. This setup allows for a mechanical advantage, as it can help reduce the effort needed to lift the load. Fixed pulleys are commonly used in various applications, such as in construction and theater rigging, to move heavy items safely and efficiently.