Finite elements are small, simple shapes used in engineering and physics to analyze complex structures and systems. By breaking down a large problem into smaller, manageable parts, known as elements, engineers can more easily calculate how forces, heat, or other factors affect the entire system. This method, called finite element analysis (FEA), allows for detailed simulations of real-world behavior. Each element is connected at points called nodes, and together they form a mesh that represents the entire object. This approach is widely used in fields like mechanical engineering, civil engineering, and aerospace engineering to ensure safety and efficiency in designs.