Ferric oxide, commonly known as iron(III) oxide or rust, is a chemical compound composed of iron and oxygen. Its chemical formula is Fe2O3, and it typically appears as a reddish-brown powder. Ferric oxide is widely used in various applications, including pigments, ceramics, and as a catalyst in chemical reactions. In nature, ferric oxide can be found in minerals such as hematite and magnetite. It plays a significant role in the production of iron and steel, as it is often a byproduct of iron oxidation. Additionally, ferric oxide is utilized in magnetic materials and as a polishing agent.