Feline panleukopenia is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cats, caused by the feline parvovirus. It primarily targets rapidly dividing cells, leading to severe effects on the bone marrow and intestines. Symptoms include fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy, which can be life-threatening, especially in young or unvaccinated cats. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent feline panleukopenia. The feline distemper vaccine is commonly administered to protect against this disease. Early diagnosis and supportive care are crucial for affected cats, but the prognosis can be poor without timely intervention.