Fall colors refer to the vibrant hues that trees and plants display during the autumn season. As temperatures drop and daylight decreases, chlorophyll—the green pigment in leaves—breaks down. This process reveals other pigments, such as carotenoids, which produce yellow and orange shades, and anthocyanins, which create red and purple tones. The combination of these pigments results in a stunning array of colors across various species of trees, including maples, oaks, and birches. The intensity of fall colors can be influenced by factors such as temperature, sunlight, and soil moisture, making each autumn uniquely beautiful.