Factory automation refers to the use of technology to control and monitor production processes in manufacturing facilities. This includes the use of machines, computers, and software to perform tasks that were traditionally done by human workers. Automation helps improve efficiency, reduce errors, and lower production costs. By implementing robotics, sensors, and artificial intelligence, factories can operate with minimal human intervention. This allows for faster production rates and consistent quality in products. Overall, factory automation plays a crucial role in modern manufacturing, enabling companies to meet high demand while maintaining competitiveness in the market.