A eukaryotic ribosome is a complex molecular machine found in the cells of organisms classified as eukaryotes, which include plants, animals, fungi, and protists. These ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into amino acid sequences. Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger than their prokaryotic counterparts, consisting of two subunits: a large subunit (60S) and a small subunit (40S), which together form an 80S ribosome. Eukaryotic ribosomes are located in the cytoplasm and can also be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, forming rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). They play a crucial role in cellular function, as proteins are essential for various biological processes, including enzyme activity, structural support, and signaling. The proper functioning of eukaryotic ribosomes is vital for cell growth and maintenance.