Epirubicin is a chemotherapy medication used primarily to treat various types of cancer, including breast cancer and bladder cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs known as anthracyclines, which work by interfering with the DNA in cancer cells, preventing them from growing and dividing. This drug is usually administered intravenously and may be given in combination with other chemotherapy agents to enhance its effectiveness. Common side effects include nausea, hair loss, and an increased risk of infection due to its impact on the immune system. Regular monitoring is essential during treatment.