An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a process used to evaluate the potential effects of a proposed project on the environment. This includes examining how the project might affect local wildlife, air and water quality, and the overall ecosystem. By identifying these impacts early, decision-makers can take steps to minimize harm and promote sustainable development. During an EIA, experts gather data and consult with the community to understand concerns. The findings are then compiled into a report, which helps authorities like government agencies decide whether to approve the project. This process ensures that environmental considerations are integrated into planning and development.